VoIP software Technology For Bank Essay Example for Free

VoIP softw atomic number 18 Technology For Bank EssayFifth Main bank could use a VoIP software suite such as Avaya to fiddle its phone and scrub center needs. The Avaya VoIP software would allow the bank to use their existing IP network to implement it and would help them acquire away from the gray switch based network. The software would also allow them to see the status of the person they are trying to reach, as well as assist with call logging and warm transfers.A concern with implementing this would be bandwidth. Adding that many IP based devices could bog down the system if it has low bandwidth. Another would be making sure each location is connected to the same network to easily transfer the calls. Another concern would be making sure all employees are trained on how to use the new system to its full potential. These concerns can be overcome by upgrading their current network capacity to increase bandwidth and get everyone on the same network. The new devices can be ma de effective by supplying training and manuals to employees to ensure it is being used correctly.Adding this technology leave mean the bank will need to increase their network security. They should already have pretty good security since they are a bank, but adding VoIP service will open new vulnerabilities that will need to be locked down.

Discuss Hamlets attitude to death and the afterlife Essay Example for Free

Discuss junctures attitude to death and the afterlife EssayDiscuss Hamlets attitude to death and the afterlife, giving an indication as to how both contemporaneous audience and modern audiences might view it. Hamlet deals with situations, which require a single-minded response. However, by the end of the twentieth century a large section of people were unfamiliar with church worship and words of the bible, which makes modern interpretation of it much more difficult which Elizabethan and Jacobean audience of Shakespe ars time on the other hand had strong beliefs in religion, includes specifically the afterlife. Hamlet shares the views of the contemporary audience and we must therefore try to understand his religious perspectives in the course that contemporary audiences would have done. To the modern audience the religious ideas and beliefs of Hamlet may seem strange 1 There is never an ideal production of Hamlet any interpretation must limit. For our decade I think the play provide be about the disillusionment which produces apathy of the will so secret that commitment to politics, to religion or to life is impossible Hamlet is always on the brink of action, but something inside him stops the final committed action.It is an sensation which can encounter in the youth today. I agree with this statement but I think that it is Hamlets conscience that holds him back from killing Claudius rather than untarnished disillusionment. For the Shakespearean audience, a religious theme would have been established at the very beginning of Hamlet when the ghost fades on the crowing of the clock and Marcellus says more or less say that ever gainst that season comes Wherin our Saviors birth is celebrated, This bird of dawning singeth all night long And wherefore, they say, no spirit dare stir abroad.The nights are wholesome, then no planets strike, No fairy takes, nor witch hath power to charm, So hallowd and so gracious is that time No spirits are allowed to walk the earth in the day. The Crowing of the cock could also be a religious reference to St Peters denial of Christ before the crucifixion, all of which would have been readily understood by a less secular audience than a modern one. When Laertes discovers that Hamlet killed his father, Polonius, his reaction is in complete contrast to Hamlets when he discovers what happened to his father.Laertes is prepared to go to quarry to avenge his fathers death and is more concerned about getting his revenge than what happens to him. The final result of Laertes decisiveness is the death of Hamlet. Laertes gets his revenge, but at great cost. In a traditional revenge tragedy the search for revenge would predominantly lie with the hero of the play. However, Shakespeare makes Hamlet very aware of the consequences of his actions, which is why this is not the emblematic revenge tragedy that Jacobean audiences were familiar with.This is because Shakespeare wanted to show that Hamlet has a morality th at rises above vengeance. Laertes takes on the role of the character who demands vengeance heedless of the consequences. Hamlet, as I have already suggested, is very much a thinker and considers the consequences of his actions. He procrastinates about taking revenge throughout the play and ironically it is Claudius who suggests the fencing match and the poisoned wine, which ultimately allows Hamlet to honour the Ghosts wishes and kill Claudius.When Hamlets fathers ghost first appears to him, he wonders whether or not to accept it at face value. This is because Shakespeare has admit the church belief that no soul could ever return from the grave so all in reality were evil spirits or devils who are attempting to entrap mortals into their power. On first seeing the ghost Hamlet says Angels and ministers of grace defend us Be thou a spirit of health or goblin damnd, Bring with thee airs from heaven or blasts from hell, Be thy intents wicked or charitable, Thou comst in such questionab le shape That I will speak to thee. Ill call thee Hamlet

Drug Abuse Rehabilitation Strategies

medicine Ab pulmonary tuberculosis Rehabilitation StrategiesAmber PeggDoes NKY have the Most Effective Treatments Available?A Review of the publicationsDrugs and alcohol have change magnitude in acceptability over the years in the United States. Individuals use these medicates for mood alterations and medicinal purposes. Society is surprisingly very unaw ar of the epidemic that is occurring right-hand(a) under their noses. Annually, illicit drug abuse cost in average $181 billion dollars. (Office of National Drug Policy, 2010) colony and dependency both play an native role in the increase of use and both atomic number 18 extremely misunderstood. During the year 2013 21.6 million privates were classified with magnetic core Dependence/Addiction (Administration, 2013). With addiction on the rise in North America it has been recognized as a public health crisis that is extremely multidimensional and complex. (Larkin, 2006)Drug addiction is classified as an actual disorder accor ding to the medical association. Studies have began to show that genetics may indeed be a part of addiction. These studies argon showing genetics may cause susceptibility to addiction in an individual. (Erickson, 2001) Drug addiction is classified into three groups the first being preoccupation and anticipation, the second being fizzle and intoxication, and finally the third is withdrawal and negative effect. Those stages are described as, preoccupation with using the substance, constant desires, using more than necessary, and experiencing tolerance. Addiction is having a severe craving for a substance. This generally to a fault implies that a great deal of attention is devoted to the activity and interferes with the individuals daily routine. Frank Tallis writes At first, addiction is maintained by pleasure. But the intensity of this pleasure gradually diminishes and the addiction is then maintained by the avoidance of pain.Dependency is said to be the compulsion to use drugs to experience psychological or physical effects. To be considered drug dependent you must have three characteristics First they must exhibit tolerance, which happens after the body becomes familiarized to the drug, second they must show habituation, this is continuing to have the desire to use the drug after the physical need has ended, and in conclusion addiction this normally means a great deal of attention is devoted to this activity. In both addiction and dependence the primary goal of an individual suffering from these is simply to attain and use the substance.Commonly used drugs are often categorized into six groups, opioids, sedative-hypnotic, remark, hallucinogens, cannabis, and inhalants. In the Northern Kentucky area on that point are certain drugs that are more prone than others. These include but are not limited to, stimulants, opioids, cannabis and hallucinogens. Opioids include heroine and methadone. Heroin was introduced in 1898 as a cough suppressant, which depress es neural functioning. Heroin use has shifted at heart populations literature shows that it was mostly low income minorities as to now where middle class Caucasians are the most preponderating users. (Cleero, 2014) The majority of opiates reduce anxiety and pain for a short period of time. Most heroin users will have the need for larger amount to suffer the fix but for some, overdose occur and death is the ultimate price. In 2011 heroin alone accounted for 16% of all admissions to interposition facilities. (services, 2012) The most common stimulant abused is known as cocaine. Cocaine is a crystallized white powder, convenient for snorting. Stimulants increase alertness, decrease the need for sleep and often suppress the quality of being hungry. This makes it very marketable to college students. Cannabis is often described as a natural drug and is often in debate as to whether it should be classified as something addictive. Marijuana has been cultivated for over 5000 years. THC can produce several effects Marijuana has the effect of relaxation and could give mortal the perception of slowing time.What Are the Varying Types of Treatments available?Across the United States there are several treatment types available to those who suffer from substance abuse. Addiction treatments vary due to the complexity of the disease. Individuals may benefit from rapid treatments or they may need treatments that in other terms work to cure and divvy up longer amounts of time and effort. (Riessman).In the last 30 years, there has been significant progress in the development and validation of psychosocial treatments for substance abuse and dependence, with a predominant reduce on the validation of cognitive behavioral treatments (Dutra Lissa Stathopoulou, 2008)The office of Drug and Crime reported in 2012, expressed in monetary terms, some $200-250 billion dollars would be needed to cover all cost related to drug treatment worldwide less than 1 in 5 that need treatment will actually receive it. (Publication, 2012). Factors such as treatment length and intensity of individuals play a role into the success of treatment but studies have proven that there is a link between the two. (Finny, 1996) The by-line nurture will focus on the most dominant and relevant to NKY.With medically assisted treatment on the rise it has quickly become one of the most popular and user friendly though controversy over drug substitution has arisen within the treatment community (Kleber, 2008). Mattick wrote medically assisted treatments are more appealing than typical drug free approaches. (Mattick, 2009) With the up rise in heroin and opioid use these treatments will continue to grow. Medically assisted treatments normally consist of one of three drugs to help intervene within the withdrawal and detox phase Methadone, Suboxone, and Buprenorphine. from each one of the three are considered to be moderately effective. There are drop in clinics that will supply the medicat ion and are considerably accessible to communities. Medically assisted treatments can potentially cause addictiveness to the treatment it egotism. According to the SAMHSA data collected more than 300,000 individuals received medically assisted treatment in 2011. (Treatments for Substance disgust Disorders, 2014)The National Institution on Drug Abuse classifies Detoxification and Withdrawal as the most common process. (NIDA, 2009)Detoxification is the allowance of the body to rid itself of a drug while managing the symptoms of withdrawal. (NIDA, 2009) Each treatment process must begin with the detoxification and withdrawal stages. An often misconception of these two are that while they are processes within each treatment they alone are not considered treatment, one must have follow up.There are several forms of counseling and therapy available to those in need. This ranges from individual, group, psychotherapy, couples, family, open and unlikable meetings. These sessions are availa ble through insurances and some are right in an individuals own community. These groups and sessions are great means for resources, networking and general support. Literature reads that cognitive behavioral therapy for substance abuse has been deemed effective both in combination treatment and monotherapy. ( shopping mall for inebriant and Addiction Studies, 2009). Cognitive and Behavioral treatment programs are focused on a short term approach. Motivational Interviewing and CBT are both evidence based treatments that continue to make strides in the treatment industry, (McHugh, 2010)Lastly, convict and Outpatient rehabilitation. These facilities are structured similarly yet have extreme differences. While an individual is attending an inpatient center they are at the center 24 hours a day, each day. They will see therapist and doctors routinely for a minimum of 28 days. Outpatient facilities still routinely have therapist and doctors with their clients but they are able to return home in the evenings and be part of their normal routine. This also keeps them accessible to whatever the addiction may be. These programs allow individuals to use self autonomy in which treatment facility they feel would best suit them. Many would argue that outpatient is less affective when in fact studies have shown that there is little to no difference in outcomes between the two. (Moos, 1995) Steven Gifford included in his description of inpatient and outpatient unsettling statistics from NIDA 23.2 billion individuals required treatment for substance abuse in 2013, only 2.4 billion were treated by some sort of drug rehabilitation. (NIDA, 2009)Gaps Included in the LiteratureThe amount of literature readily assessable in regards to drug abuse and treatments available is incredible. There is an abundance of knowledge about the topic with reasonable resources at ones fingertips. We know that individuals who suffer from substance abuse are likely to choose a treatment that fits best to their needs and addiction but also at the convenience to themselves and their families. Finances and insurance can also impact ones decision to certain treatment programs. As to the question, Does NKY have the most effective treatments available the literature does not go into depth enough in geographical terms. There are many treatment options available but whether they are geographically reasonable to the rural and lower income are that is left unanswered. The statistics and information in very broad to the general. Though we know there are treatments in NKY area the question of are they the most effective continues to go unanswered. works CitedAdministration, S. A. (2013). Retrieved March 15, from www.drugwarfacts.com http//www.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH/2013SummNatFindDetTables/NationalFindinsthash.snuPjFav.dpufCenter for Alcohol and Addiction Studies. (2009). Cognitive Behavioral Treatment with Adult alcohol and Illicit drug users. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs , 516-5 27.Cleero, T. E. (2014). The changing Face of Heroin. Journal of the American Medical Association , 71 (17), 821-826.Dutra Lissa, P., Stathopoulou, G. (2008). A Meta-Analytic Review of Psychosocial Interventions for Substance Use Disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry , 179-187.Erickson, S. W.-M. (2001). Drug abuse and addiction Research. Journal of the American Pharmacist Association , 41 (1).Finny, M. a. (1996). A qualitative synthesis of patient, research design and treatment. Explaining Abstinence rates following Treatment , pp. 787-785.Kleber, H. D. (2008). Methadone Maintenance 4 decades later. American Medical Association , 2303-2305.Larkin, M. W. (2006). Towards addiction as relationship. Addictions research and theory , 207-215.Mattick RP, Breen C, Kimber J, Davoli M. Methadone maintenance therapy versus no opioid deputy therapy for opioid dependence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 3.McHugh, R. a. (2010). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substan ce Use Disorders. Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 511-525.Moos, R. P. (1995). Three models of Community residential Care. Journal of Substance Abuse , 99-116.NIDA. (2009). Treatment. Retrieved March 30, 2015, from NIDA http//www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/treatment-approaches-drug-addictionOffice of National Drug Policy. (2010, December). Retrieved April 11, 20145, from National Criminal Justice Reference System https//www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=255037Publication, U. N. (2012). World Report. Retrieved April 2015, from Office on Drugs and Crime.Riessman, F. C. (n.d.). Social Policy. 27 (2), pp. 36-46.services, N. A. (2012). Center for behavioral health statistics and quality. Retrieved 4 5, 15, from http//www.samhsa.gov/treatmentTreatments for Substance Abuse Disorders. (2014, 10 16). Retrieved March 2015, from SAMHSA http//www.samhsa.gov/treatment/substance-use-disorders

Animal Testing Pros and Cons Essay

Animal Testing Pros and Cons Essay1.0 IntroductionThe Greeks believed that wildcats were a lesser form of carriage because beasts could not think bid gentleman did. Furthermore, this thought was continued by Christians who cl locateed that animate beings were less signifi fagt because they had no soul (Vivisection, 2002). Animal interrogation is the use of live physicals for research in redact to better understand the do of certain substances towards serviceman health. This application has been widely carried bulge in many industries. Numerous zoologys view been utilise for puppet testing, much(prenominal) as guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs and mice. The issue of savage testing has become a worldwide focus these days due to arguments brought up by those who ar against physical experiment.Unquestionably, the make out of physical experimentation has increased tremendously compared to the past. According to Shandilya (2008), it is estimated that 20 million animals are us ed for animal experimentation yearly for the purpose of medical specialty and for testing other products. Findings from studies indicate that less than 10 percent of pure psychological researches use animals as test typesetters cases, which do not include animal defers used for cross-over medical experimentation (American Psychological Association, n.d., cited in Harding, L. , 2001). However, there are rough who state that animal experiments are cruel and immoral, besides violating an animals rights. This has caused many individuals to deem with the movements of anti-vivisection organisations due to brutal treatment towards animals.Although there are laws regarding animal testing enforcing the reduction in the use of animals for vivisection, opponents of animal experimenting are still debating about the subject of legalizing it.If we view this subject from a broader perspective, it can be seen that animal testing should be legalized as it aids scientist in the discoveries of ne w drugs and treatments to make health and medical specialty better, an animals life-time does not hold as much harbor as a charitables, and it is the most precise way to find out the launchs of substances on a living organism.This research paper will explain why animal testing should be legalized. Research findings are confined to the United States of America, since the subject of animal testing is highly debated there and the progress of this issue in the US is relative to other countries.2.1 Animal testing helps in the development of drugs and treatments.Currently, humans are often exposed to various diseases which are life threatening, which includes existing diseases or new forms of diseases due to mutations and changes in the environment. Hence, researchers are working hard in finding cures for all these illnesses. From here, it can be seen that animal testing is essential in the sustenance of human health. Animals will be used to study the effect of newly invented drugs, whether it will help in curing the disease.Speaking of the positive outcomes of animal testing, this includes the development of new medicine and treatments. Derbyshire (2004) mentioned that many medical advances used animal testing dogs were used to develop the production of insulin, whereas primates were utilized in the manufacture of a powerful anti-rejection drug, cyclosporine. Besides this, discoveries of various vaccines have evolved through animal experimentation. From here, it can be seen that animal testing can guide us to discoveries of new knowledge about living organisms.Many drugs have been invented to fulfill the aim of remedying diseases. However, the side effects of newly invented drugs remain unknown. in that respectfore, animal testing allows the evaluation of the danger of drugs before being used upon humans which will greatly get the risk before any human based trials are carried out (About Animal Testing, n.d.). Drugs that are tested safe can then be used to s ave millions of valuable human lives. The future of medical science still relies on animal testing, and this clearly shows a need in legalizing animal testing.There are roughly people who claim that the effects of drugs tested on animals may not be the same to humans. Arthritis drug Vioxx, which caused 140 000 heart attacks and strokes in United States of America, was withdrawn from the global market even though it appeared to be safe when tested in animals (Archibald, 2004). However, scientists have proven that animals are extremely homogeneous to humans and experiments done on them would produce similar results obtained through future human experiments (About Animal Testing, n.d.). Hence, carrying out animal testing on drugs would improve the theatrical role of human life indirectly.Therefore, to sum it all up, animal testing should be legalized because it assists researchers in medical treatments besides drugs discovery, improves health and medicine and is able to test the se ntry go of drugs. Alternatives of animal testing are not as plausible as they are not as accurate as the results obtained from tests conducted upon animals. Hence, animal testing should be encouraged instead of being suppressed.2.2 The importance of human lives is given priority over animal lives.Differences existing between humans and animals cause animals to receive treatments which are different and unequal although twain of them are alive. As animals differ from humans as they do not have conscience, they are considered inferior to humans when it comes to the value of life. Seeing that the lives of humans are viewed as more valuable than animal lives, animals will have to be sacrificed in animal experimentation.The pros and cons of animal testing were debated with both sides being able to produce solid reasons for their stands. From the view of sentiency, it is mentioned that all living things are morally equivalent. However, the lives of humans are superior over the lives of a nimals (Garner, 2005). Authorities have to make a choice between the welfare of humans and the welfare of animals. Which one is more important, the life of a human or the life of an animal? As Archibald (2004) points out, most people are willing to sacrifice the lives of animal in animal testing to save human lives.Even though human welfare is the main concern, the welfare of an animal is still taken into account by minimizing the suffering of animals when conducting animal experimentations. The Animal Welfare Act had been formed and reviewed constantly to protect animals and decrease the number of vivisections carried out (Monamy, 2000). Every experiment involving the usage of animals is normally administered with anesthesia. In conjunction with this, the experiments will not be repeated or animals used will be euthanized when brutal treatment is involved. Animal testing can be accepted as it allows the improvement of human life graphic symbol without the suffering of animals (Gar ner, 2005).Those who are against animal testing argued that animals have the right to live peacefully. Animal testing is regarded as unkind treatment towards animals as it violates animal rights as their lives are valuable as well (Le Fanu, 2003). Nevertheless, their arguments are weak because animals lack the sense of judgment, and therefore are not subjected to moral claims and animal rights (Cohen, 1986). Hence, they cannot be compared with human life. As long as the animal is experimented upon without pain, the welfare of the animal is not violated. Therefore, it is acceptable to legalize the activity of animal testing as human life should be prioritized.Although there are many who are against animal experimentation, the points asserted are not h3 enough to discontinue the activity of animal testing. Supporters of animal testing affirm that animals should not have equal rights with humans as both of these cannot be compared. Animals lack the sense of judgment, thus human lives ever come front before animal lives. Animals are considered to be protected as long as animals receive minimum amount of suffering. So animal testing should be legalized in order to save more human lives.2.3 Animal testing is helpful for studying the effects of substances.Many new chemical substances are produced either year to meet the demand of the global market such as in agriculture, medicine and cosmetic products. The credits should be given to animal testing. The effect of that particular substance has been studied to produce countless helpful products. This can increase the longevity of humans besides improving the human standard of living.By conducting experiments on animals, the researcher can gain priceless information from the living specimen. Winston (2006) mentioned that 70% of the Nobel prizes for physiology or medicine are contributed from animal testing. Hence, it is clearly shown that by execute researches on animals by studying the effects of a substance can bri ng a huge impact upon the world. The discovery of knowledge will be delayed or remain undiscovered if animal testing is not carried out.As stated by Le Fanu (2003), primates offer the best experimental models as they have 99% similarity in genes with humans. Animal testing can be carried out on primates to ensure the safety of about drugs before being tested on humans. The chance for both organisms exhibiting the same effect is high due to the similarity of their genes. This in turn can shrivel the risks faced by humans when commencing the trials. Hence, animals are good tools for learning the effects of various substances.In spite of this, people who are in opposition to animal testing argue that it must not be legalized just because animal experimentation leads to medical breakthroughs and the outcome is more rewarding. This statement is insufficient to justify the drawbacks of animal testing (Derbyshire, 2004). On the other hand, it is proven that the beneficial outcome outwei ghs its drawbacks, so it is rational to legalize the activity of animal testing. Without studying the effects of substances using animal testing, most of the major vaccines against disease like polio, rubella and hepatitis B used today would not exist (Derbyshire, 2004). New drugs undergo in vitro research, computer modelling and animal testing before being tested on humans. Thus, every step is vital in this process of studying the effects before a drug is introduced into the market.In short, the effects of a substance can be study by carrying out animal testing which can provide invaluable information besides the anatomy of some animals are similar to humans. Even though animal experimentation its disadvantages, there are still many benefits that can gain by carrying out animal testing. Thus, legalization of animal testing must be accepted. Moreover, it can be a good tool for grooming and research purposes.3.0 RecommendationNormally, the usage of animals for animal testing delinea ted as cruelty towards animals and should not be legalized. However, it is impossible to ban the practice of animal experimentation due to the benefits brought by animal research towards mankind. Animal testing is a noble action to sustain the welfare of humans. Since the practice of animal testing cannot be stopped, the welfare of animals can only be protected by another approach.The principle of Three Rs, that is refinement, reduction and replacement can be practiced. The researchers are sworn to reduce the number of animals used when performing a research. To use the least number of resources to obtain the fastest results, researchers have the tendency of using a littler number of animals during their research. This is an act that showed the willingness of mankind to reduce the cruelty towards the animals. Besides this, scientists were asked to lessen the degree of suffering of the animal. This can be attained by exclude some needless harmful actions involving the animals. Lastly , alternative methods should be used whenever possible to replace the usage of animal testing (Derbyshire, 2006).For instance, the welfare of animals can be secured by doing so. The practice of animal experimentation should compromise between the welfare of humans and animals so that harmony can be achieved. Animal experimentation still can be practiced, and the laws should be strictly enforced so that it is not violated by irresponsible people.4.0 ConclusionDue to the increased usage of animal testing, the issue of animal experimentation is getting highly debated and remains relentless. After examining several points, it has revealed that animal testing should be legalized as it helps in the progress of medicine and health, human life is more valuable than animal life, and helps to learn the outcome of a substance on a living organism. Day by day, anti-vivisectionists try to rule out animal testing by looking at this issue from the animals point of view. Concurrently, supporters of animal experimentation were able to refute their arguments, by claiming the welfare of humans should always come first before animals. They viewed the subject of animal testing from a broader perspective and the long term advantages that come from animal experimentation. Life is never perfect, some sacrifices have to make to achieve success for a better future. Nonetheless, animal research should be carried out as its advantages are more significant than the disadvantages.

Food Supplies: Purchasing, Receipts and Storage

Food Supplies Purchasing, Receipts and StorageThe purchase, receipt and depot of foodChoosing a providerIt is essential to purchase food from approved suppliers who have demonstrated a commitment to high standards of food hygieneControls to minimize hazards from supplies/suppliersSelect the least precarious materials/ingredients e.g. pasteurized egg and ready-prep atomic number 18d vegetables. Specify the standard and qua illuminatedy of product required including the delivery temperature. Branded products ordinarily preferable.Delivery and unloading of foodThe main hazards associated with deliveries are contaminated food and the multiplication of bacteria as a result of prolonged delays after unloading and before refrigeration. Unsatisfactory delivery vehicles or drivers or drivers may indicate unsatisfactory deliveries. High-risk food should be delivered below 5?, frozen food at-18?.ControlsAll food should be inspected before placing in storage. Deliveries should be checked for freshness, temperature, colour, odour, contaminant, infestations and satisfactory packaging and labeling. Contaminated food from unapproved sources, perishable food above 8?, frozen food above -15?, food with certainty of pest activity and food which is not covered or in damaged packaging or which is out of date is suspect and may take aim to be rejected. The supervisor and the supplier should usually be notified.As far as practicable, external packaging should not be brought into food preparation areas. A separate deboxing area is recommended. Unloading should be completed as quickly as possible. Staff should be adept to deal with deliveries effectively and to prevent contamination occurring. Records of deliveries should be retained to enable traceability in the event or food poisoning or a food complaint.Safe food storage recompense storage is fundamental to the hygienic operation of any food business. Failure to ensure satisfactory in the event of food poisoning or a food c omplaint.Safe food storageCorrect storage is fundamental to the hygienic operation of any food business.Failure to enable satisfactory storage conditions will result in hazards (contamination and multiplication of bacteria), mould, spoilt food, discoloration, staleness and pest infestation.Dry food storesRooms used for storage of cereals, dried and canned foods should be suitable for this purpose, vermin-proof and kept clean and tidy. Hazards encountered include soiled delivery trays, pest infestations, damaged and leaking cartons, out-of-date stock certificate, soil from root vegetables and chemical contamination.ControlsKeep stores dry, cool, well lit and well ventilated. Effective pest control measures, storage of food at least 15cm above the floor and stock rotation systems are essential. tending with deboxing/ crack sacks will avoid foreign body contamination. Food should be stored away from the walls and pipes affected by condensation and on suitable shelves such as hollow stainless steel racks, or in mobile rodent-proof bins. Spillages should be cleared away promptly. If possible, fruit and vegetables should be stored separately from other food. Fruit should be examined on a regular basis as mould spreads rapidly. Vegetables heavily contaminated with soil should be stored below, for example, fruit or lettuce on the vegetable rack. Potatoes should be stored in the dark to prevent sprouting or turning green. A separate store should be used for storing cleaning chemicals. Blown, badly dented, seam-damaged, holed or rusty cans should be rejected. Staff should be trained to store food correctly, to remove spillages, how to rotate stock and to recognize signs of pests and unfit food.Chilled storageHigh-risk and perishable foods should be stored under refrigeration to prevent approximately pathogenic bacteria bacteria from multiplying and to slow down the rate of spoilage.Refrigerators and freezers should be sited in well-ventilated areas away from heat so urces, such as oven and the rays of the sun.Operating temperatures and monitoringRefrigerators usually operate between 1? to 4?. The display temperature should be checked every time the fridge is used. It should be recorded at least twice a day. The actual food temperature should be recorded at least weekly and whenever the display temperature is unsatisfactory. temporary rises in display temperatures will occur if doors are left idle or a large quantity of food at room temperature are loaded into the fridge, for example, bottles of soft drinks or lemonade. Temperatures should return to everyday very quickly and food temperatures moldiness not rise above 8?.Contamination and covering of foodRaw food must ever so be kept apart from high-risk food to prevent contamination of high-risk food with food poisoning bacteria. Separate refrigerators are preferred, although, if in the aforementioned(prenominal) unit, the raw food must always be placed at the bottom to avoid contamination. Food should be covered to prevent drying out, cross-contamination and absorption of odour. Care should be take to protect foods such as lettuce, tomatoes and cucumbers from dripping blood.Packing and stock rotationrefrigerators must not be overloaded, and food should never be left between products for air circulation. Only perishable foods should be stored in the refrigerator. This includes vacuum packs and pasteurized cans of meat. Stock rotation is essential to avoid spoilage. New stock should be placed behind existing stock to facilitate stock rotation.Open cans of foodOpened and part-used cans of food, especially acid food such as fruit, fruit juice or tomatoes, must not be left in the can as this may result in chemical contamination. The reinvigorated contents should be emptied into a suitable container, such as a plastic bowl, covered and placed in the refrigerator.Defrosting and cleaningDefrosting and cleaning should be carried out in accordance with the manufacturers instr uctions. Most units defrost automatically and should be cleaned and disinfected at least weekly. Bicarbonate of soda (one tablespoon to 4.5 litres of water) may be used, but mellifluous cleaning agents must not. Food should be placed in another refrigerator whilst the cleaning is being carried out.Staff trainingAll food handlers must receive instruction on the correct use of the refrigerator especially in relation to contamination and temperature control. They should be told not to bind the door open for longer than necessary.Corrective actionIf the fridge temperature remains too high this may be a result of overloading, e.g. completely blocking a ledge or because the thermostat is too high. Inform your supervisor immediately. If the problem cant be solved, an engineer should be brought in. Food should be placed in an alternative fridge, unless it has been above 8? for more than 4hours, when it should be destroyed.Freezers and frozen foodCommercial freezers should operate at -18? or slightly below. At this temperature food will keep for a reasonable time with no bacterial growth. However, spores and dormant

The Move :: Personal Narrative Moving Essays

The MoveSummer of 2000, my parents decided we should move to California. From Georgia to California, East Coast to West Coast. I do not think my mummy really wanted to move. It was my Dajis (Dads eldest brother) fault. He and his son bought a motel in Morro Bay, California. Daji wanted my dad to help him run it(the motel). So in order for that to happen, we would all have to move. My mom was not coming with my dad, sister and me, just yet. We still had our house and my mom still had her job. We needed the income. We were going to set about to California in our white Nissan Previa. As we traveled through the southern states, my mom got news from Zambia, where her family lives, saying that my grandfather had a heart attack. So at a time my mom was not going to be coming to California when she was suppose to. I was going to be mom-less for longer than I was willing to be. I cried and cried (in despair). I know my dad felt bad(horrible about what he was doing) but he could not tell hi s older brother no. All those dumb discover rules. In our culture, that is the Indian culture, we must respect our elders, even if that means doing things we do not want to do, but(I believe) sometimes you can say no. We drove the sleep of the way to California. We stayed at the motel, the one my Daji bought. It had an apartment attached to it. The apartment had two bedrooms, a kitchen, living room, dining room, and a full bath. My sister and I divided up one of the rooms, my cousin and his wife had the other room, my dad slept in the living room and my aunt and uncle slept in one of the motel rooms. We hated it. Back home we had our stimulate rooms, our own space. My sister and I were not very close at this time, so it was difficult to share and talk about what was happening. We did not like it(the imagination of moving) mostly because we were away from our friends, our world and most importantly our mom.(when we got to California we had to be enrolled in school. So we went to the closest school My dad took us to the school, which was thirty proceedings away from where we lived, in a completely different town.

The United States is an Energy Hog :: Energy Environmental Issues Essays

The United States is an Energy Hog The Unites States consumes ninety-eight quadrillion Btus of energy annually, which is over after part of the worlds total energy consumption. (Country Analysis) For me, this fact is startling, but not surprising. I grew up in a residential sector, an energy-consuming sector that consists of living quarters for private househ honest-to-goodnesss (Definitions), and I have been taught to conserve as much energy as possible. My mother, a teacher with bachelor and master degrees in science, has always told, well, nagged, my brother and I to turn out the lights every time we leave a room. Many times I have entered the house to remember my mother ironing or cooking dinner in a very dark room. Before I even greet her I automatically flip the light switch and ask, Mum, why are you in the dark? She always reminds me that electricity costs money. She also reminds me that my Grandma was eleven years old before her family even had electricity On ce in a while, mom will consider what it must have been like for Grandma to grow up without electricity. She always mentions that Grandma had to take cold baths and use the restroom outside. Of course, Grandma couldnt grab a cold glass of milk out of the fridge or shoot her cousin an email. My mind wanders from Grandmas life to my own when I think what an inconvenience it would be to be without energy, specifically electricity for lights. Without lights, my lifestyle would be entirely different. Lights enable me to study into the evening. Without lights driving would be impossible. Its difficult to accept that, where I live, I would inevitably be trap at home-sometimes when its only seven or eight oclock at night This would surely alter my hobbies, extracurricular activities and friends. When I was younger, I would think my mom just had trouble keeping up with the times, but, I now know that my mom was accurate when she encouraged me and my brother to conserve and pry energy. I can rest assured that another reason that my mother encouraged me to conserve energy was because of expenses. The ten month average of electricity costs, in 2004, was 8.